What is the internal structure of the earth and the sources for claims? | UPSC Geography

The interior of the earth is a fascinating topic to explore and the topic comes under Geography which is a very important aspect of the UPSC Exam. Today we will discuss in detail about What is the internal structure of the earth. 

 The Interior structure of the earth is divided into three layers which are the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost solid part of the earth and it is fragile. The thickness of the crust varies with oceanic and continental areas. The crust is made up of heavier rocks and the minerals found in this region are Silica, Aluminium. 

 The mantle of the earth is the portion of the interior that is beyond the crust. The Mantle is in a solid state and it has a high density than the crust portion. The thickness of the mantle ranges from 200kms. The mantle is the chief source of magma that finds its way to the surface during volcanic eruptions. The major elements found in the mantle are Silicon and Magnesium. 

The Core of the earth is the innermost part of the earth and it has a depth of 2900kms. The inner core of the earth is solid, while the outer core of the earth is liquid. The core is mostly made up of heavy materials which are made of nickel and iron. 

All three layers of the earth play an important role and understanding the basic interior structure of the planet to understand some natural phenomena like earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis. Even though scientists observe the earth’s interior directly. 

But they have a fair idea of what the earth’s interior looks like. They have some direct sources to study the earth’s interior which are rocks from mining and volcanic eruptions. There are other indirect sources as well like the scientists analyzing the change in temperature and pressure from the surface towards the interior. 

They also have seismic waves and meteors because they are made up of the same type of materials just like earth. By studying these sources thoroughly, scientists understand the state of materials in the interior of the earth and help us understand how we can control the temperature of the earth by taking necessary measurements.

So this is all about the structure of the earth’s interior and the sources. We can’t reach the center of the earth but through mining and drilling operations scientists have been able to observe some parts of the earth’s interior directly.

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