What Are Satellite Launching Systems? | UPSC Science and Technology
The rockets have powerful systems that generate the huge amount of energy required to lift heavy objects like satellites into space. There are different types of Launch Vehicles used by space organizations.
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle(SLV)
The first launch of PSLV was in 1994, and it is the ISRO’s main rocket ever since. It has been improved and is several times more powerful than the ones that were used earlier. It is one of the most reliable rockets used by ISRO and more than 98% of the missions were successful with PSLV.
There total of 4 stages in the launch vehicle.
1. First Stage– PSLV uses a solid rocket motor that is supported by solid strap-on boosters.
2. Second Stage– It uses the storable liquid rocket engine known as the Vikas engine.
3. Third Stage– The solid rocket motor that provides the upper stages’ high thrusts after the atmospheric phase of the launch. 4. Fourth Stage– The uppermost stage of PSLV, which has two earth-storable liquid engines. The most successful missions of the PSLV are Chandrayaan-1 in 2008 and Mars Orbiter Spacecraft in 2013.
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle(GSLV)
It is a more powerful rocket used to carry heavier satellites much deeper into space. It has the capacity to carry 10,000kgs satellites to lower earth orbits. The first launch of GSLV happened on 18th April 2001.
It has three stages in the launch vehicle.
· First stage– The solid rocket motor is supported by 4 liquid strap-ons.
· Second Stage– One Vikas engine is used to push the second stage of the GSLV.
· Third Stage– It is the more crucial part of the launch system, it is developed by the Cryogenic Upper Stage Project(CUSP) also India’s first cryogenic engine.
Till now, the GSLV rockets have carried out 18 missions of which four were failures.
The launch vehicles technology and other aspects will grow more in the coming future to help the space organization launch even better satellites into space. The new programs will definitely help India to be at the top of the space programs.
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