What are the Determinants and Challenges of Indian Foreign Policy? | UPSC International Relations
Indian Foreign Policy is an important aspect that navigates through the politics of International relations. One wrong step here and there will be consequences. So today we will be discussing in detail about the determinants and challenges of Indian Foreign Policy.
Determinants of India’s Foreign Policy
The foreign policy of India or any country is shaped by two factors that are domestic and International. Here are some important determinants of India’s Foreign Policy.
Domestic Factors The domestic factors include the role of geographical, historical, economic, and cultural circumstances that need to be understood. Economically, India has been subject to long colonial exploitation. In order to overcome the evils of unemployment, hunger, poor health services, and other factors, India needed foreign support in the form of capital and technology. Economic growth became one of the primary objectives of India’s foreign policy.
Regional and Global Environment Regional events are also important in determining foreign policy. Countries like China, the US, and Pakistan brought a crisis situation for India. Then India got a little dependent on Russia. Apart from that globalization, the whole world is connected with each other. After the second world war, the world order changed in many ways. Keeping in mind that India tries to reform the UN Security Council.
Military power India is a powerful country in terms of its Army, Air force, and navy. India is also rich in nuclear power as well and India is dominating space as well. All these factors play an important role in the foreign policy of India.
Challenges of Indian Foreign Policy
India’s most serious challenge is managing China. There are some serious problems with India’s hard capacity to manage the China problem which is India’s active role in the Quad. Over the past few years, China troops have altered the status quo along with the border with India, and it has claimed the lives of 20 Indian Soldiers, and it has violated the agreement to maintain peace.
Russia-China Bonding Over the past few decades, there have been ties between Russia and China have also been a challenge for India. The main challenge that threatens bilateral relations now is China’s BRI, which Russia has also joined.
Russia-Pak Closeness Over the past few years, Pakistan and Russia ties have increased through the sale of military helicopters, and engines. India is expanding its defense purchases from various nations. These outcomes are a matter of huge concern. But it was Russia that stood by India during the Jammu and Kashmir issue.
So this is all about the Determinants and Challenges of Indian Foreign Policy. India’s democracy and stability as a supporting role in India’s partnership and sometimes uncertainty can hurt the relations.
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