How were agriculture and domestication of animals during Indus Valley Civilization? | UPSC History

Domestication and agriculture during the Indus Valley Civilization were one of the most common practices during that period. Today we will be discussing in detail more Agriculture and Domestication of Animals in the Indus Valley Civilization. Animals and cattle were of utmost importance to the Indus Valley Civilization.

 Animals were used in fields for plowing the soil to aid agriculture. Animals like Cows and Buffaloes were used for collecting diaries. Animals such as goats were used for meat and camels were used for transportation. Bulls were kept for breeding, and each village had a single bull for reproduction. Many animals were also killed for their flesh, Buffaloes were used for milk and it is richer in nutrients than cow’s milk. 

There were river buffaloes, mud buffaloes, and swamp buffaloes in Indus Valley Civilization. Various breeds of dogs were domesticated. During excavation times, collars were found around the necks of some of the skeletal figures. There were also cats which were popular during the period. They were mostly found near the farming settlements to feed on the rodents. 

Various birds like pigeons and parrots were kept by the Indus Valley Civilization people. The birds played an important role as food for the wild and sometimes for the cats as well. The irrigation system was utilized by the Indus people to irrigate their crops. This allowed the people to grow crops as per the demands of the population. They used contemporary technology to meet the city’s needs.

Those who were unable to get into the trading business went into farming and agriculture. Agriculture in the Indus Valley Civilization was completely reliant on good soil lands and technological improvements. 

In agriculture farms, crops like Wheat, barley, peas, lentils, and mustard seeds were planted in the winter season. Millet, Sesame, and rice were planted during the summer season. So this is all about Agriculture and domestication in Indus Valley Civilization. They have mastered the art of irrigation and water delivery. It allowed people to supply food for themselves and trade with others. They valued agriculture and domestication so highly.

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